See melancholy on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "melancholy thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "solemncholy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "malencolie"
},
"expansion": "Middle English malencolie",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "melancolie"
},
"expansion": "Old French melancolie",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "μελαγχολία",
"4": "",
"5": "atrabiliousness"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía, “atrabiliousness”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ātra bīlis",
"3": "",
"4": "black bile"
},
"expansion": "Latin ātra bīlis (“black bile”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "melancholia"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of melancholia",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English malencolie, from Old French melancolie, from Ancient Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía, “atrabiliousness”), from μέλας (mélas), μελαν- (melan-, “black, dark, murky”) + χολή (kholḗ, “bile”). Compare the Latin ātra bīlis (“black bile”). The adjectival use is a Middle English innovation, perhaps influenced by the suffixes -y, -ly. Doublet of melancholia.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "melancholies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "melancholy (countable and uncountable, plural melancholies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": ", Bk.I, New York 2001, p.148",
"text": "Melancholy, cold and dry, thick, black, and sour, […] is a bridle to the other two hot humours, blood and choler, preserving them in the blood, and nourishing the bones."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Black bile, formerly thought to be one of the four \"cardinal humours\" of animal bodies."
],
"id": "en-melancholy-en-noun-A2Oa-9Yf",
"links": [
[
"Black bile",
"black bile"
],
[
"humours",
"humours"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Black bile, formerly thought to be one of the four \"cardinal humours\" of animal bodies."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"historical",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 5 62",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "en:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 2 56",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sadness",
"orig": "en:Sadness",
"parents": [
"Emotions",
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i], line 34:",
"text": "My mind was troubled with deep melancholy.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:",
"text": "I have neither the scholar’s melancholy, which is emulation; nor the musician’s, which is fantastical; nor the courtier’s, which is proud; nor the soldier’s, which is ambitious; nor the lawyer’s, which is politic; nor the lady’s, which is nice; nor the lover’s, which is all these; but it is a melancholy of mine own, compounded of many simples, extracted from many objects, and, indeed, the sundry contemplation of my travels; in which my often rumination wraps me in a most humorous sadness.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter VI, in Romance and Reality. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 111:",
"text": "\"The ancients referred melancholy to the mind, the moderns make it matter of digestion—to either case my plan applies,\" said Lady Mandeville.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1936 Sept. 15, F. Scott Fitzgerald, letter to Beatrice Dance",
"text": "As to Ernest... He is quite as nervously broken down as I am but it manifests itself in different ways. His inclination is towards megalomania and mine towards melancholy."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Great sadness or depression, especially of a thoughtful or introspective nature."
],
"id": "en-melancholy-en-noun-QKsUACUD",
"links": [
[
"sadness",
"sadness"
],
[
"depression",
"depression"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "despondency"
},
{
"word": "misery"
},
{
"word": "sadness"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "سوداء"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "ماليخوليا"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "milanculii"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "melanxoliya"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "malenkonia"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "mjelanxólija",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "меланхолія"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "melanholija",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "меланхолия"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "malenconia"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yōuyù",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "憂鬱 /忧郁"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bēi'āi",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "悲哀"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancholie"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "melankoli"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vemod"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancholie"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "weemoed"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "melankolio"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "melanhoolia"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "melankolia"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "apeus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "surumielisyys"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "alakulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mélancolie"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancolía"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Melancholie"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schwermut"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Wehmut"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "melancholía",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μελαγχολία"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "mará shẖorá",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "מָרָה שְׁחוֹרָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "m'lankólya",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "מְלַנְכּוֹלְיָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "melankólia"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "þunglyndi"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "malinconia"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yūutsu",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "憂鬱"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "utsubyō",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "鬱病"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "uul",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "우울"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chimul",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "침울"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancholia"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancholija"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "akacun",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "ᠠᡴᠠᠴᡠᠨ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "kainatu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "rāwakiwaki"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "uxaan balartan",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "ухаан балартан"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "melankoli"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tungsinn"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "svartsyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vemod"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tunglynde"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "mâlixuliyâ",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "مالیخولیا"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "mâlenxuliyâ",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "مالنخولیا"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancholia"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancolia"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancolie"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tristețe"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "melanxólija",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "меланхо́лия"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dòlasachd"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mulad"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "èislean"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cianalas"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tùirse"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "truime"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dubhachas"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "меланхолија"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "меланколија"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "melanhòlija"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "melankòlija"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "malancunìa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "melanchólia"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "melanholija"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancolía"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "melankoli"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "svårmod"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vemod"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tungsinne"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "molixuliyo",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "молихулиё"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "melankoli"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "hüzün"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "durgunluk"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "sevda",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "سودا"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "melanxolija",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "меланхолія"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "trầm cảm"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "miråcoleye"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɛlənkəli/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-melancholy.ogg",
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "melancholly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "melancholie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
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}
],
"word": "melancholy"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "malencolie"
},
"expansion": "Middle English malencolie",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "melancolie"
},
"expansion": "Old French melancolie",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "μελαγχολία",
"4": "",
"5": "atrabiliousness"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía, “atrabiliousness”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ātra bīlis",
"3": "",
"4": "black bile"
},
"expansion": "Latin ātra bīlis (“black bile”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "melancholia"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of melancholia",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English malencolie, from Old French melancolie, from Ancient Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía, “atrabiliousness”), from μέλας (mélas), μελαν- (melan-, “black, dark, murky”) + χολή (kholḗ, “bile”). Compare the Latin ātra bīlis (“black bile”). The adjectival use is a Middle English innovation, perhaps influenced by the suffixes -y, -ly. Doublet of melancholia.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more melancholy",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most melancholy",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "melancholy (comparative more melancholy, superlative most melancholy)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Melancholy people don't talk much.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:",
"text": "[…] he is melancholy without cause, and merry against the hair: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1921, Ben Travers, chapter 1, in A Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1925, →OCLC:",
"text": "“[…] the awfully hearty sort of Christmas cards that people do send to other people that they don't know at all well. […] And then, when you see [the senders], you probably find that they are the most melancholy old folk with malignant diseases. […]”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1981, Greg Kihn, Steve Wright, “The Breakup Song (They Don't Write 'Em)”, in RocKihnRoll, performed by The Greg Kihn Band:",
"text": "It was the same old song / With a melancholy sound",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Affected with great sadness or depression."
],
"id": "en-melancholy-en-adj-YVT3CmP6",
"links": [
[
"sadness",
"sadness"
],
[
"depression",
"depression"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) Affected with great sadness or depression."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "melancholic"
},
{
"word": "sadness"
},
{
"word": "melancholia"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "melancholic"
},
{
"word": "sad"
},
{
"word": "cheerless"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɛlənkəli/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
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"synonyms": [
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"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "melancholious"
}
],
"word": "melancholy"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English undefined derivations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Aromanian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Manchu translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"en:Emotions",
"en:Sadness"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "melancholy thistle"
},
{
"word": "solemncholy"
}
],
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{
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Old French melancolie",
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{
"args": {
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"3": "μελαγχολία",
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"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ātra bīlis",
"3": "",
"4": "black bile"
},
"expansion": "Latin ātra bīlis (“black bile”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "melancholia"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of melancholia",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English malencolie, from Old French melancolie, from Ancient Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía, “atrabiliousness”), from μέλας (mélas), μελαν- (melan-, “black, dark, murky”) + χολή (kholḗ, “bile”). Compare the Latin ātra bīlis (“black bile”). The adjectival use is a Middle English innovation, perhaps influenced by the suffixes -y, -ly. Doublet of melancholia.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "melancholies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "melancholy (countable and uncountable, plural melancholies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": ", Bk.I, New York 2001, p.148",
"text": "Melancholy, cold and dry, thick, black, and sour, […] is a bridle to the other two hot humours, blood and choler, preserving them in the blood, and nourishing the bones."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Black bile, formerly thought to be one of the four \"cardinal humours\" of animal bodies."
],
"links": [
[
"Black bile",
"black bile"
],
[
"humours",
"humours"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Black bile, formerly thought to be one of the four \"cardinal humours\" of animal bodies."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"historical",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i], line 34:",
"text": "My mind was troubled with deep melancholy.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:",
"text": "I have neither the scholar’s melancholy, which is emulation; nor the musician’s, which is fantastical; nor the courtier’s, which is proud; nor the soldier’s, which is ambitious; nor the lawyer’s, which is politic; nor the lady’s, which is nice; nor the lover’s, which is all these; but it is a melancholy of mine own, compounded of many simples, extracted from many objects, and, indeed, the sundry contemplation of my travels; in which my often rumination wraps me in a most humorous sadness.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter VI, in Romance and Reality. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 111:",
"text": "\"The ancients referred melancholy to the mind, the moderns make it matter of digestion—to either case my plan applies,\" said Lady Mandeville.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1936 Sept. 15, F. Scott Fitzgerald, letter to Beatrice Dance",
"text": "As to Ernest... He is quite as nervously broken down as I am but it manifests itself in different ways. His inclination is towards megalomania and mine towards melancholy."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Great sadness or depression, especially of a thoughtful or introspective nature."
],
"links": [
[
"sadness",
"sadness"
],
[
"depression",
"depression"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "despondency"
},
{
"word": "misery"
},
{
"word": "sadness"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɛlənkəli/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
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"synonyms": [
{
"word": "melancholly"
},
{
"word": "melancholie"
},
{
"tags": [
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],
"word": "melancholious"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "سوداء"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "ماليخوليا"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "milanculii"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "melanxoliya"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "malenkonia"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "mjelanxólija",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "меланхолія"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "melanholija",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "меланхолия"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "malenconia"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yōuyù",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "憂鬱 /忧郁"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bēi'āi",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "悲哀"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancholie"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "melankoli"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vemod"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancholie"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "weemoed"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "melankolio"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "melanhoolia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "melankolia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "apeus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "surumielisyys"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "alakulo"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mélancolie"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancolía"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Melancholie"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schwermut"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Wehmut"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "melancholía",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μελαγχολία"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "mará shẖorá",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "מָרָה שְׁחוֹרָה"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "m'lankólya",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "מְלַנְכּוֹלְיָה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "melankólia"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "þunglyndi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "malinconia"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yūutsu",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "憂鬱"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "utsubyō",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "鬱病"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "uul",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "우울"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chimul",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "침울"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancholia"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancholija"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "akacun",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "ᠠᡴᠠᠴᡠᠨ"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "kainatu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "rāwakiwaki"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "uxaan balartan",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "ухаан балартан"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "melankoli"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tungsinn"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "svartsyn"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vemod"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tunglynde"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "mâlixuliyâ",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "مالیخولیا"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "mâlenxuliyâ",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "مالنخولیا"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancholia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancolia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancolie"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tristețe"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "melanxólija",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "меланхо́лия"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dòlasachd"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mulad"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "èislean"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cianalas"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tùirse"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "truime"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dubhachas"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "меланхолија"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "меланколија"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "melanhòlija"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "melankòlija"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "malancunìa"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "melanchólia"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "melanholija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancolía"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "melankoli"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "svårmod"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vemod"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tungsinne"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "molixuliyo",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "молихулиё"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "melankoli"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "hüzün"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "durgunluk"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "sevda",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "سودا"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "melanxolija",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "меланхолія"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"word": "trầm cảm"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "Sadness or depression",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "miråcoleye"
}
],
"word": "melancholy"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English undefined derivations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Aromanian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Manchu translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"en:Emotions",
"en:Sadness"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "malencolie"
},
"expansion": "Middle English malencolie",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "melancolie"
},
"expansion": "Old French melancolie",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "μελαγχολία",
"4": "",
"5": "atrabiliousness"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía, “atrabiliousness”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ātra bīlis",
"3": "",
"4": "black bile"
},
"expansion": "Latin ātra bīlis (“black bile”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "melancholia"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of melancholia",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English malencolie, from Old French melancolie, from Ancient Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía, “atrabiliousness”), from μέλας (mélas), μελαν- (melan-, “black, dark, murky”) + χολή (kholḗ, “bile”). Compare the Latin ātra bīlis (“black bile”). The adjectival use is a Middle English innovation, perhaps influenced by the suffixes -y, -ly. Doublet of melancholia.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more melancholy",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most melancholy",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "melancholy (comparative more melancholy, superlative most melancholy)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "melancholic"
},
{
"word": "sadness"
},
{
"word": "melancholia"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English literary terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Melancholy people don't talk much.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:",
"text": "[…] he is melancholy without cause, and merry against the hair: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1921, Ben Travers, chapter 1, in A Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1925, →OCLC:",
"text": "“[…] the awfully hearty sort of Christmas cards that people do send to other people that they don't know at all well. […] And then, when you see [the senders], you probably find that they are the most melancholy old folk with malignant diseases. […]”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1981, Greg Kihn, Steve Wright, “The Breakup Song (They Don't Write 'Em)”, in RocKihnRoll, performed by The Greg Kihn Band:",
"text": "It was the same old song / With a melancholy sound",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Affected with great sadness or depression."
],
"links": [
[
"sadness",
"sadness"
],
[
"depression",
"depression"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) Affected with great sadness or depression."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "melancholic"
},
{
"word": "sad"
},
{
"word": "cheerless"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɛlənkəli/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-melancholy.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/En-us-melancholy.ogg/En-us-melancholy.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/En-us-melancholy.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "melancholly"
},
{
"word": "melancholie"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "melancholious"
}
],
"word": "melancholy"
}
Download raw JSONL data for melancholy meaning in All languages combined (21.5kB)
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "melancholy/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English doublets\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Ancient Greek\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English undefined derivations\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Manchu translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tajik translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"en:Emotions\", \"en:Sadness\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"melancholy thistle\"}, {\"word\": \"solemncholy\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"malencolie\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English malencolie\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"melancolie\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French melancolie\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"μελαγχολία\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"atrabiliousness\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía, “atrabiliousness”)\", \"name\": \"uder\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"ātra bīlis\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"black bile\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin ātra bīlis (“black bile”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"melancholia\"}, \"expansion\": \"Doublet of melancholia\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English malencolie, from Old French melancolie, from Ancient Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía, “atrabiliousness”), from μέλας (mélas), μελαν- (melan-, “black, dark, murky”) + χολή (kholḗ, “bile”). Compare the Latin ātra bīlis (“black bile”). The adjectival use is a Middle English innovation, perhaps influenced by the suffixes -y, -ly. Doublet of melancholia.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"melancholies\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"melancholy (countable and uncountable, plural melancholies)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with historical senses\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \", Bk.I, New York 2001, p.148\", \"text\": \"Melancholy, cold and dry, thick, black, and sour, […] is a bridle to the other two hot humours, blood and choler, preserving them in the blood, and nourishing the bones.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Black bile, formerly thought to be one of the four \\\"cardinal humours\\\" of animal bodies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Black bile\", \"black bile\"], [\"humours\", \"humours\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(historical) Black bile, formerly thought to be one of the four \\\"cardinal humours\\\" of animal bodies.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"historical\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i], line 34:\", \"text\": \"My mind was troubled with deep melancholy.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:\", \"text\": \"I have neither the scholar’s melancholy, which is emulation; nor the musician’s, which is fantastical; nor the courtier’s, which is proud; nor the soldier’s, which is ambitious; nor the lawyer’s, which is politic; nor the lady’s, which is nice; nor the lover’s, which is all these; but it is a melancholy of mine own, compounded of many simples, extracted from many objects, and, indeed, the sundry contemplation of my travels; in which my often rumination wraps me in a most humorous sadness.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter VI, in Romance and Reality. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 111:\", \"text\": \"\\\"The ancients referred melancholy to the mind, the moderns make it matter of digestion—to either case my plan applies,\\\" said Lady Mandeville.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1936 Sept. 15, F. Scott Fitzgerald, letter to Beatrice Dance\", \"text\": \"As to Ernest... He is quite as nervously broken down as I am but it manifests itself in different ways. His inclination is towards megalomania and mine towards melancholy.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Great sadness or depression, especially of a thoughtful or introspective nature.\"], \"links\": [[\"sadness\", \"sadness\"], [\"depression\", \"depression\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"despondency\"}, {\"word\": \"misery\"}, {\"word\": \"sadness\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈmɛlənkəli/\", \"tags\": [\"UK\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"audio\": \"En-us-melancholy.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/En-us-melancholy.ogg/En-us-melancholy.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/En-us-melancholy.ogg\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"melancholly\"}, {\"word\": \"melancholie\"}, {\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"melancholious\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"سوداء\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"ماليخوليا\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"milanculii\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"melanxoliya\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"malenkonia\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"mjelanxólija\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"меланхолія\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"melanholija\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"меланхолия\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"malenconia\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"yōuyù\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"憂鬱 /忧郁\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"bēi'āi\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"悲哀\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"melancholie\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"melankoli\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"vemod\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"melancholie\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"weemoed\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"melankolio\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"melanhoolia\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"melankolia\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"apeus\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"surumielisyys\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"alakulo\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mélancolie\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"melancolía\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Melancholie\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Schwermut\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Wehmut\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"melancholía\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"μελαγχολία\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"mará shẖorá\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"מָרָה שְׁחוֹרָה\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"m'lankólya\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"מְלַנְכּוֹלְיָה\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"melankólia\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"þunglyndi\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"malinconia\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"yūutsu\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"憂鬱\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"utsubyō\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"鬱病\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"uul\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"우울\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"chimul\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"침울\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"melancholia\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"melancholija\"}, {\"code\": \"mnc\", \"lang\": \"Manchu\", \"roman\": \"akacun\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"ᠠᡴᠠᠴᡠᠨ\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"kainatu\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"rāwakiwaki\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"uxaan balartan\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"ухаан балартан\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"melankoli\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"tungsinn\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"svartsyn\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"vemod\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"tunglynde\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"mâlixuliyâ\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"مالیخولیا\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"mâlenxuliyâ\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"مالنخولیا\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"melancholia\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"melancolia\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"melancolie\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tristețe\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"melanxólija\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"меланхо́лия\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"dòlasachd\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"mulad\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"èislean\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cianalas\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tùirse\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"truime\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"dubhachas\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"меланхолија\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"меланколија\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"melanhòlija\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"melankòlija\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"malancunìa\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"melanchólia\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"melanholija\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"melancolía\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"melankoli\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"svårmod\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"vemod\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"tungsinne\"}, {\"code\": \"tg\", \"lang\": \"Tajik\", \"roman\": \"molixuliyo\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"молихулиё\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"melankoli\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"hüzün\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"durgunluk\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"sevda\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"سودا\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"melanxolija\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"меланхолія\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"word\": \"trầm cảm\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"Sadness or depression\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"miråcoleye\"}], \"word\": \"melancholy\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "melancholy",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (b941637 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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